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Words and Their StoriesLearning Expressions with VOA
Processed with VS1Compare expressions about fixed habits with language for making a real fresh start.
VOA source audio
Source: VOA Learning English · Words and Their Stories
View original article & transcript“A leopard doesn’t change its spots” suggests someone is unlikely to change their basic nature or behavior. “You can’t teach an old dog new tricks” is about resistance to learning new habits, but should not be treated as a fact about older learners. The story also uses “set in your ways,” “true colors,” “the last straw,” “turn over a new leaf,” and “clean up your act.”
Cultural note: These sayings can stereotype people as incapable of change, including older adults. The VOA article explicitly notes that older people can learn new skills and adapt. Use the phrases as opinions about a particular pattern, not as proof that someone cannot grow.
Keep exploringEnglish has sayings that doubt whether people change—and other phrases for trying to change. Compare their meanings and avoid turning a proverb into a stereotype.
Phrase guide · 6 expressions
Original explanations and examples, created for learners. Save a card for later or hear the phrase spoken by your browser.
Describe routines or behavior that seem difficult to change.
Meaning
A person is unlikely to change their basic nature or a long-standing pattern of behavior.
Tone & use
Often skeptical or critical. It expresses an opinion, not a rule that people cannot change.
Example
“He promised to stop missing deadlines, but his team was not convinced; they said a leopard doesn’t change its spots.”
Meaning
It can be difficult for someone accustomed to a routine to learn a new way of doing things.
Tone & use
A proverb that can stereotype older people. The source cautions that people of any age can learn new skills.
Example
“She learned the new software quickly, proving you can teach an old dog new tricks after all.”
Meaning
Strongly attached to familiar habits and reluctant to change them.
Tone & use
Can sound critical, especially when used about another person. It describes a tendency, not a permanent inability to adapt.
Example
“I was set in my ways about commuting, but trying the train saved me time.”
Talk about changing behavior and trying again.
Meaning
Make a fresh start and try to improve your behavior or habits.
Tone & use
Often used after someone recognizes a problem and wants to do better.
Example
“After missing several meetings, he turned over a new leaf and started using calendar reminders.”
Meaning
Improve behavior that has been irresponsible or unacceptable.
Tone & use
Direct and sometimes confrontational. It can sound like a warning or demand.
Example
“The coach told the team to clean up its act after repeated late arrivals.”
Name the last event that makes someone take action.
Meaning
The final problem or irritation in a series that makes someone unable to tolerate more.
Tone & use
Often appears in “the last straw” or “the final straw.” It can explain why someone finally acts.
Example
“The broken promise was the last straw, so she decided to leave the project.”
Knowledge check
Choose the expression that best fits each situation.
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