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Social & Small Talk

Greetings in English: what to say and what to do

Compare everyday greetings for new people, family, coworkers, and friends, and learn how comfort and context shape the choice.

Read the full lesson summary

Vanessa and her husband Dan talk through everyday greetings and how the relationship and situation affect what they say or do. They compare meeting someone for the first time with seeing a family member, coworker, or friend again. Their examples include a handshake and “Nice to meet you” for a new introduction, a hug and “Nice to see you” for family, and a spoken greeting or wave for a coworker or an acquaintance. The point is to consider the context rather than use one greeting with everyone.

The couple then discuss a U.S. job-interview example. Vanessa says people are often advised to offer a firm handshake and to act assertively, while noting that the same behaviour can be perceived as too aggressive or assertive in other places. This is their generalization from personal experience, not a universal cultural rule. Expectations vary across people, workplaces, regions, generations, and circumstances; learners should pay attention to the other person’s cues and respect comfort with touch.

They also describe uncertainty around hugging a newer friend. A friend had shared personal information during a difficult day, but Vanessa and Dan were unsure whether a hug would have felt appropriate. They call it a “gray area” and say it is not always straightforward to know when a friendship has become close enough for that greeting. This is a useful conversational way to acknowledge that social situations may not have a single obvious answer. When unsure, a warm verbal response or asking before initiating physical contact can help respect boundaries.

In the second part, Vanessa pauses the conversation to teach two vocabulary items. An “acquaintance” is someone you have met but do not know as a close friend; she gives the example of an acquaintance who is a pilot. “Assertive” means strong, bold, and confident about expressing yourself. She suggests the word for speaking up in a meeting or among friends. The lesson therefore combines listening to a natural couple’s conversation with explicit vocabulary explanations. Learners can reuse its language to distinguish new introductions from familiar greetings, describe how well they know someone, and explain that a choice depends on the situation. Above all, the examples are prompts for noticing context and personal preference—not fixed instructions about how every American or every other culture greets people.

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Transcript

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Select an expression for its meaning · 0:00

Vanessa and Dan introduce the topic and compare greetings for first meetings and family

Hi, I’m Vanessa from Speak English with Vanessa dot com. Today I have a very special guest, my husband Daniel. Hello! Or would you like to go by Dan? You can call me Dan. All right, Dan. Today we’re talking about greetings and things you can do when you greet people. Let’s get started. When you greet someone, what do you usually do? It depends on the situation and the person. If I meet somebody new, it’s usually a handshake: ‘Hi, .’ ‘Nice to meet you.’ That’s when we first meet. If it’s a family member—my father, mother, brother, or sister—I’ll usually hug them. Shall we demonstrate? Sure. ‘Hi!’ ‘Hi, .’ ‘Nice to see you too.’ That kind of thing.

Try it: How would you greet someone new, then greet the same person when you meet again?

Phrase cheat sheet

All phrases at a glance

Review each expression, hear it, save it, or jump to where it appears in the video.

12 phrases

Showing 12 of 12 phrases

nice to meet you

Vanessa and Dan introduce the topic and compare greetings for first meetings and family · expression

A conventional greeting when you are introduced to someone for the first time.

Tone and use: Polite and friendly. Use it when meeting someone for the first time.

May not fit: When greeting someone you already know, nice to see you may fit better.

Example“Hi, I’m Maya. Nice to meet you.”

nice to see you

Vanessa and Dan introduce the topic and compare greetings for first meetings and family · expression

A friendly greeting for someone you have met before.

Tone and use: Warm and familiar. Use it when you meet someone again after knowing them already.

May not fit: It may sound odd as the first greeting to a complete stranger.

Example“It’s nice to see you again. How have you been?”

what’s up

They discuss casual greetings for coworkers and the more formal job-interview handshake example · expression

An informal greeting or casual way to ask how someone is doing.

Tone and use: Very casual and friendly. Use it with friends, peers, or coworkers in an informal setting.

May not fit: Avoid it in a formal introduction or with someone who expects a more formal greeting.

Example“Hey, what’s up? Haven’t seen you in a while.”

an acquaintance

They discuss casual greetings for coworkers and the more formal job-interview handshake example · expression

Someone you know but are not close friends with.

Tone and use: Neutral and slightly formal. Use it to distinguish a familiar person from a close friend.

May not fit: Do not use it for a close friend or someone you have never met.

Example“I have an acquaintance who works at the library, but we don’t know each other well.”

shake hands

They discuss casual greetings for coworkers and the more formal job-interview handshake example · expression

Greet or make an agreement by clasping another person’s hand.

Tone and use: Polite; common in some introductions and professional settings. Use it to describe the hand-clasp greeting, while following the other person’s preference.

May not fit: Do not assume everyone is comfortable with physical contact.

Example“We shook hands when we were introduced.”

too aggressive

Vanessa compares handshake expectations and describes uncertainty about hugging a newer friend · expression

More forceful or intense than the situation or other person finds appropriate.

Tone and use: Critical description; the judgment depends on context. Use it to describe behaviour perceived as overly forceful.

May not fit: Do not assume a greeting is universally aggressive; norms and personal comfort differ.

Example“A very firm handshake may feel too aggressive to some people.”

not always straightforward

Vanessa compares handshake expectations and describes uncertainty about hugging a newer friend · expression

Not always simple or easy to decide.

Tone and use: Thoughtful and measured. Use it when a situation has no obvious answer or requires judgment.

May not fit: Avoid it when the situation actually has a clear, simple procedure.

Example“Choosing the right greeting is not always straightforward.”

a little gray area

Vanessa compares handshake expectations and describes uncertainty about hugging a newer friend · expression

A situation without one clear rule or answer.

Tone and use: Informal and reflective. Use it to acknowledge uncertainty between clear-cut choices.

May not fit: For formal policy writing, explain the specific uncertainty directly.

Example“There’s a little gray area about whether guests should bring a gift.”

feel comfortable with natural English

Vanessa transitions to the vocabulary section and defines acquaintance · expression

Feel at ease using English that sounds natural in conversation.

Tone and use: Encouraging and learner-focused. Use it to describe confidence with everyday spoken English.

May not fit: Do not imply that only one accent or speaking style is natural.

Example“Listening to real conversations helps me feel more comfortable with natural English.”

not really close friends

Vanessa transitions to the vocabulary section and defines acquaintance · expression

Know each other, but do not have a close friendship.

Tone and use: Neutral and conversational. Use it to describe a relationship that is friendly or familiar but not intimate.

May not fit: Avoid it if you mean the people are strangers who have never met.

Example“We work together, but we’re not really close friends.”

assertive

She defines assertive and gives examples of expressing an opinion before closing the lesson · expression

Confident and direct about expressing your thoughts or needs, without necessarily being aggressive.

Tone and use: Positive in Vanessa’s explanation; the right degree depends on context. Use it for someone who expresses an opinion clearly and confidently.

May not fit: Do not treat assertiveness as permission to ignore others or dominate a conversation.

Example“She was assertive in the meeting and clearly explained her recommendation.”

say your opinion

She defines assertive and gives examples of expressing an opinion before closing the lesson · expression

Express what you think about a topic; share your opinion is also a common phrasing.

Tone and use: Direct and conversational. Use it when talking about contributing your view in a discussion.

May not fit: In polished writing, share or express your opinion may sound more idiomatic.

Example“I shared my opinion at the meeting, even though I felt nervous.”

Knowledge check

Practice the phrases you heard

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Use it in a sentence · “nice to meet you”

You are introduced to someone for the first time. Which greeting fits Vanessa and Dan’s example?